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Montenegro

Population: 650 036

GDP: 4 518 000 000.00 $

Description

 

The use of the name Crna Gora or Black Mountain (Montenegro) began in the 13th century in reference to a highland region in the Serbian province of Zeta. The later medieval state of Zeta maintained its existence until 1496 when Montenegro finally fell under Ottoman rule. Over subsequent centuries Montenegro managed to maintain a level of autonomy within the Ottoman Empire.

 

 

From the 16th to 19th centuries, Montenegro was a theocracy ruled by a series of bishop princes; in 1852, it transformed into a secular principality. Montenegro was recognized as an independent sovereign principality at the Congress of Berlin in 1878. After World War I, during which Montenegro fought on the side of the Allies, Montenegro was absorbed by the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, which became the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929; at the conclusion of World War II, it became a constituent republic of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.

 

 

When the latter dissolved in 1992, Montenegro federated with Serbia, creating the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and, after 2003, shifting to a looser State Union of Serbia and Montenegro. In May 2006, Montenegro invoked its right under the Constitutional Charter of Serbia and Montenegro to hold a referendum on independence from the state union. The vote for severing ties with Serbia barely exceeded 55% - the threshold set by the EU - allowing Montenegro to formally restore its independence on 3 June 2006.

Population

 

Population: 650,036 (2014)

 

Nationality: noun: Montenegrin(s), adjective: Montenegrin.

 

Ethnic groups: Montenegrin 45%, Serbian 28.7%, Bosniak 8.7%, Albanian 4.9%, Muslim 3.3%, Roma 1%, Croat 1%, other 2.6%, unspecified 4.9%.

 

Languages: Serbian 42.9%, Montenegrin (official) 37%, Bosnian 5.3%, Albanian 5.3%, Serbo-Croat 2%, other 3.5%, unspecified 4%.

 

Religions: Orthodox 72.1%, Muslim 19.1%, Catholic 3.4%, atheist 1.2%, other 1.5%, unspecified 2.6%.

GDP

 

GDP: $ 4 518 000 000.00 (2013)

Military Organization

 

Armed Forces of the Republic of Montenegro: Army of Montenegro (includes Montenegrin Navy (Mornarica Crne Gore, MCG)), Air Force.

Conflicts and Disputes

 

Refugees (country of origin): 6,967 (Kosovo) (2013).

Geographical Information and Map

 

Capital: Podgorica. The Old Royal Capital is Cetinje mentioned in the constitution.

 

Location: Southeastern Europe, between the Adriatic Sea and Serbia. Montenegro has strategic location along the Adriatic coast.

 

Geographic coordinates:

42 30 N, 19 18 E

 

Area:

total: 13,812 sq km

land: 13,452 sq km

water: 360 sq km

 

Land boundaries:

total: 625 km

border countries: Albania 172 km, Bosnia and Herzegovina 225 km, Croatia 25 km, Kosovo 79 km, Serbia 124 km.

 

Coastline: 293.5 km.

 

Natural resources: bauxite, hydroelectricity.